Ch 2 – Ncert History (Nationalism in India) Class 10th Ncert --Notes and MCQs
Ch 2 – Ncert History (Nationalism in India) Class 10th Ncert --Notes
Impact of the
First World War (1914-1918) on Indian Society:-
The First World
War (1914-1918) ‘’created a new political and
economic
situation’’ India faced various problems during war period: ------
q Increase in defence expenditure, Income Tax and custom
duties(Import Tax).
q Prices increased through the war years.
q Forced recruitment in rural areas.
q During 1918-19 and 1920-21, crops failure in many parts of
India---- Shortage of food
q Spread influenza epidemic in parts of India.
q According Census of 1921, 12 to 13 million people died as a result of famines and epidemic.
Ghandhian
Satyagraha:-
Gandhi Ji
returned to India in January 1915, in South Africa he successfully fought
racist regime with a novel method of mass agitation, which he called
SATYAGRAHA.
1.
Satyagraha
means Insistence On Truth. (Satya per jor dena)
- Satyagraha
emphasized the power of truth and the need to search for truth.
- It is a
Non-violence and non-aggressive method.
- It suggested
that if the cause was true, if the struggle was against injustice, then
physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor.
- Tools of
Satyagraha ------
Hunger Strike, Peaceful demonstration, hartal and non cooperation with
Government.
Gandhiji
organised Satyagraha Movements In Inida:-
- Champaran
(Bihar) Peasant
Satyagraha ,1917
- Kheda
(Gujarat) Peasant Satyagraha 1917
- Ahmedabad
(Gujarat) Cotton
Mill Satyagraha 1918
A.
Champaran Indigo Peasant Satyagraha ,1917------- Lead by Gandhi ji
- Against
European land owners and government policies.
- British
landowners use to pressure local farmers to grow indigo and buy it in
lower prices.
- In
response British government arrested Gandhi and later released,
- Finally British amendments (Minor or major change to improve a text) to improve peasants situation.
- After Chamapran Success Rabindernath Tagore gave title Mahatma to Mahatma Gandhiji
B.
Kheda Peasant Satyagraha 1917 ------------- Lead by Gandhi ji
•
failed
crops in the Kheda.
•
Against
extra tax and government policies.
• Sardar Patel, under Gandhi’s guidance, led the farmers in protest against extra tax and policies.
•
Finally
British amendments to improve peasants situation.
C.
Ahmedabad Cotton Mill Satyagraha 1918 ------------------
Lead by Gandhi ji ,Gandhi used Satyagraha and hunger strike for the first time
- In 1917, a
heavy monsoon destroyed the crops of the season and led to an epidemic
(plague), claiming more than 10% of lives in Ahmedabad.
- Cotton
mill Workers want high wages and plague bonuses.
- Gandhi
organized a peaceful strike.
- Finally
workers got benefit.
British Rowlatt
Act 1919:-
q According to this Act, Anybody could be arrested without any warrant and put behind the
jail for two years.------- NO Court Trial : No Vakil, No Dalil, No Appeal
q Objective this law:- To destroy national Movement and abolish Nationalism powers in
India.
q This was a black law which restricted individual Indian freedom.
What did
Indian:-
§ Gandhiji organised a non violent satyagraha against the Rowlatt
Act.
§ A hartal was organised on 6 April 1919. Rallies were conducted.
Shops were closed down.
§ Worker conducted strike. Transport and communication system came to
a standstill.
§ This Protest led to the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
What
Circumstance led to the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
On 13
April,1919 a public meeting was organised at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar to
protest against the arrest of national leaders.
Many villagers
who came to attend a fair were also present in the park.
General Dyer
reached the meeting place along with the British troops. He Ordered the troops
to fire.
More than
thousand People were killed and many were wounded. This incident is called Jallianwala
Bagh Massacre.
Khilafat
Movement:-1919
In India, the
Khilafat Movement was launched by the Ali Brothers, Mohammad Ali and
Shaukat Ali in 1919.
Objective:- To Protest against the injustice done to Turkey by Britian after
the first World War.
Note:- Turkey
Ruler was defeated by British . The Ruler of Turkey was head of all Muslim
Community at that time.
q
Mahatma
Gandhi also supported the Khilafat Movement as he realized that this was a very
good opportunity to strengthen unity.
Non – Cooperation Movement (NCM)☹1920-1922)
·
It was
given by Gandhiji in 1920.
Objective:- Boycott of
British Schools, college, cloths, court, government institution etc and adopted
to Swadeshi.
§
Three
main reasons behind to started NCM.
(a) Rowlatt Act (b)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (c)
Khilafat Movement.
Heavy taxes, High Prices, Famine and
epidemic made peoples life miserable
§
Gandhiji
requested to all Indians Boycott British things and adopt to Swadeshi.
§
This movement was called off or suspended by
Gandhiji due to Chauri Chaura (Gorakhpur district U.P.) incident .
§
Gandhiji
had wanted the movement to be peaceful and non – violent and when he heard
about this incident, he called off the Non – Cooperation Movement in 1922.
§
Note:-
Calcutta INC session September 1920 –
Gandhi predicted that if the non-
cooperation movement was successful, Swaraj (Self Rule---- Desh ka sasan)
could be attained in a year.
§
At
the Indian Congress session at Nagpur in December 1920, the Non-Cooperation
programme was adopted.
Hind
Swaraj and Gandhiji
· In his famous book Hind Swaraj 1909 Mahatma Gandhiji
declared that British Rule was established in India with the cooperation of
Indians, and had survived only because of his cooperation .
· If Indians refused to cooperate, British Rule in India would
collapsed within a year, and swaraj would come. Therefore, he started the
Non Cooperation Movement.
All Important Question Related (NCM) Non Cooperation Movement
(CBSE)
Q1. What were
the stages proposed for the Non Cooperation Movemer
i.Renunciation of titles: Subhramanya Iyer and Ravindranath
Tagore renounced thehonorary title 'Sir' that they received from the British.
Gand returned his 'Kaiser-e-Hind' medal.
ii.Resigning of important jobs:
Many officers resigned their jobs.
iii.Boycott of legislatures: Many people
refused to caste vote when the elections to the legislatures were held. It was
followed by the boycott of schools and colleges, lawcourts etc.
iv.Non payment of taxes: This was a
powerful method of fighting an oppressive government. They were not ready to
recognize the Govt. legitimate.
Q2.What were the effect of Non-Cooperation Movement on the economic
front-
1.
Foreign
Clothes were boycotted, Liquor shops were picketed, and foreign cloth burnt in
huge bonfires.
2.
The
import of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922, its value dropping from Rs
102 crore to Rs 57 crore. In many places merchant and traders refused to
trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade.
3.
As
the boycott movement spread, and wearing Indian ones, production of Indian
textile mills and handlooms went up.
Q3.Why did the non cooperation movement slow
down in towns and cities?
1.
Khadi clothes were very costly. The poor were not able
to buy them.
2.
Indians boycotted British institutions like law
courts and educational institutions.
3.
But alternative institutions did not come up.
Consequently teachers and children started going back to schools and lawyers
started going back to their courts.
Q4.Peasant Movement in Countryside----------- Non Cooperation
Movement
PEASANT MOVEMENT IN AWADH (UP)
Ø Lead by Baba Ramchandra Sanyasi.
1. This movement against was Landlords and Talukdars.
2. The peasant movement demanded - reduction of Tax - abolition of
Begar and - social boycott of
oppressive landlords.
3. In 1920, the Awadh Kisan Sabha was set up Was headed by Jawaharlal Nehru,
Baba Ramchandra.
4. As the movement spread in 1921, the houses of talukdars and
merchants were attacked, bazaars were looted and grain hoards were taken
over.
Q5. GUIDEM HILL TRIBAL MOVEMENT - Non Cooperation Movement
1.
In
the Guidem Hills of Andhra Pradesh tribals started a movement under the
leadership of Alluri Sitaram Raju.
2.
It
was Against British forest laws-----Tribals wanted to get back their traditional Rights over forest.
3.
The guerrilla
warfare in the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh.
4.
The
rebels attacked police stations.
5.
The
Gudem rebellion spread in response to Non Cooperation Movement in 1921.
6.
Raju
was captured and executed in 1924.
Q6. Movement In the Plantation--- Non Cooperation Movement
Swaraj(Self Rule of India) in the Plantations:-
1. For the plantation workers, Swaraj means moving freely.
2. They protested against the Inland Emigration Act (1859) which
prevented them from
leaving the plantation without permission.
3.
Each
group interpreted the term swaraj in their own ways.
Q7. Why
Gandhiji Withdrawal of the Non Cooperation movement.
1.
Gandhiji withdrew the Non Co operation Movement
because:
2.
The movement became violent in some places. In
february 1922, in Chauri chaura (Uttar Pradesh) people turned violent and set
fire to a police station. Twenty two police men were killed in this incident.
Gandhiji was against violence.
3.
The movement slowed down in urban areas.
4.
He thought that it was necessary to train the
people in non violent satyagraha.
Q8. Significance of the non-cooperation movement
Ø Non
Cooperation movement was a large scale mass movement. It attracted
common people from all social groups.
Ø
Non Cooperation Movement and Khilafat
Movement went together. So, they promoted Hindu-Muslim unity. Peasants' and
tribals' movements became a part of the Indian National Movement.
Ø
It was a non violent movement. So, it
popularised the Gandhian idea of Non violent satyagraha.
Swaraj Party, 1922:-
1. formed by C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru in
1922.
2. argue for a return to council politics.
Simon Commission:-
Ø It was
appointed in 1927 in the leadership of Sir John Simon.
Ø It was
appointed to look into the functioning of the constitutional system in
India and suggest changes.
Ø It arrived
India in 1928.
Ø It was
greeted with the slogan “Simon go back”, because the Commission did not
have a single Indian member. They were all British.
Bhagat Singh - HSRA
Revolutionary nationalists such as Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Sukhdev and others wanted to fight against the colonial rule and the rich exploiting classes through a revolution of workers and peasants. For this purpose, they founded the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928 at Ferozeshah Kotla in Delhi. On 17 December, 1928, Bhagat Singh, Azad and Rajguru assassinated Saunders, a police officer who was involved in the lathi-charge that had caused the death of Lala Lajpat Rai. On 8 April, 1929, Bhagat Singh and B.K. Dutt threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly. The aim, as their leaflet explained, was not to kill but “to make the deaf hear”, and to remind the oreign government of its callous exploitation. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were executed on March 23, 1931. Bhagat Singh’s age at that time was only 23
Towards Civil Disobedience---------
INC Lahore Session December 1929:-
q
In December 1929, under the presidency of
Jawahar Lal Nehru, the Lahore Congress formalized the demand for ‘Purna
Swaraj’ or full independence for India.
Important MCQs:-
1. The resolution of Poorna Swaraj was
adopted at which session?
(A)Karachi Congress (B) Haripur Congress
(C) Lahore Congress (D)
Lucknow Congress
2. The Simon Commission
was boycotted because-
a)
There was no Indian in the commission.
b)
It supported the Muslim league.
c)
Congress felt that the people deserved
swaraj.
d)
There were differences among the members
DANDI (SALT MARCH,1930)
q Mahatma
Gandhi started his famous
Salt March with his 78 trusted volunteers.
q The march
was over 240 miles (387 km approx.), from Gandhiji’s Ashram in Sabarmati
to the Gujarati coastal town of Dandi.
q The
volunteers walked for 24 days about 10 miles a day.
q On 6th April
1930, he reached Dandi and ceremonially violated the law, manufacturing salt
by boiling seawater.
Note:- This marked the beginning of the
Civil Disobedience Movement
Q.How did ‘Salt
March’ become an effective tool of resistance against Colonialism? Explain.
· Ans: ‘Salt March’ become an effective tool of resistance against
colonialism, for the
Following reasons:
· Mahatma Gandhi found in salt a powerful symbol that could unite the
nation. Salt was the most essential item of foods and was consumed by rich and
poor Alike.
· Gandhiji sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin starting eleven demands,
and this was The most stirring of all was the demand to abolish the salt.
· Irwin was unwilling to negotiate, so Gandhiji started the Salt
march with 78 Volunteers. This March developed the feeling of nationalism,
people in Different parts of the country broke the salt law and manufactured
salt and Demonstrated in front of government salt factories.
Impact of Civil Disobedience Movement.
v
As the movement spread, foreign clothes
were boycotted and liquor shops were picketed.
v
Peasants refused to pay revenue taxes.
v After the
government began arresting the Congress leaders one by one.
v Mahatma
Gandhi was arrested in April 1930.
Important Question related to Civil
Disobedience Movement@ cbse necert
1. Difference
b/w NCM And Civil Disobedient Movement (CDM)
v People refused to cooperate with the government during the
Non Cooperation Movement. People broke the laws during the Civil
Disobedience Movement.
v Muslims participated in large numbers in the Non Co
operation Movement. Muslim participation was less in the Civil Disobedience
Movement.
v No tax campaign was not there in Non Co operation Movement. People
refused to pay taxes in Civil Disobedience Movement.
2.Descibe the participation of women in Civil Disobedient Movement.
i They participated in
protest marches, manufactured salt, and picketed foreign cloth and liquor
shops. Many went to jail.
ii In urban areas, these
women were from high-caste families; in rural areas, they came from rich
peasant households. Moved by Gandhiji's call, they began to see service to the
nation as a sacred duty of women.
3. How did the Indian merchants and industrialists protect their
interests?
i. To organize business interests, they formed the Indian
Industrial and Commercial Congress in 1920 and the Federation of the Indian
Chamber of Com Industries (FICCI) in 1927.
ii. Led by prominent industrialists like Purshottamdas Thakurdas
and G. D. Birla, the industrialists attacked colonial control over the
Indian economy, and supported the Civil Disobedience Movement when it was first
launched. They gave financial assistance and refused to buy or sell imported
goods.
4. Why did the business class support the civil disobedience
movement?
i. Indian merchants and industrialists wanted protection
against imports of foreign goods and a rupee-sterling foreign exchange ratio
that would discourage imports.
ii. They wanted to end colonial control over Indian economy.
They joined Civil Disobedience Movement and gave financial assistanceand
refused to buy or sell imported goods.
5.Why did the industrial working classes
not participate in the Civil Disobedience Movement in large numbers?
q The Industrial working class, except Nagpur did not
participated in the Civil Disobedient Movement.
q This was because Industrialists were supporting the movement
and Indian National Congress was reluctant (unwillingness) with
Industrial worker worker demand.
q The demand of Industrial worker were higher wages and proper
working conditions.
q As Industrialists came closer to congress, the workers did not participated in this movement.
6.Peoples did not participated in the Civil Disobedient Movement
or limitation of Civil Disobedient Movement :-
ü Muslims people
ü Dalit people
ü Industrial worker
ü Poor People ------------------ due
to increasing revenue demand of
o Rent (tax)
Note:- When Gandhiji called off civil
disobedient movement in 1931 ,Rich peasant were deeply disappointed because the
revenue rates Of farming was not revised ,therefore rich peasant did not
support When the movement was re-launched by Gandhiji in 1932.
7.Main contributions of the civil disobedience movement-Mahatma
Gandhiji
Civil Disobedience Movement was the first struggle to win Poorna
Swaraj or Complete Independence.
It was based on non violent Satyagraha. Gandhian ideas were widely
followed.
Women participated in large numbers in this movement. It was a real
mass movement. Different social groups participated.
It was an open challenge to the British rule. The people openly
disobeyed laws.
Important dates:-
ü 1930—Gandhiji started CDM (Civil Disobedient Movement)
ü March 1931—Gandhiji ends CDM
ü December 1931—Second Round Table Conference held b/w Gandhiji and Lord Irwin in
London but he
returned disappointed.
ü 1932--- Gandhiji re-launched CDM
ü 1934---- Gandhiji completely closed CDM
Efforts made by gandhiji for the upliftment of Dalits:-
(i)Gandhiji was against untouchability. He said that Swaraj would
not come for 100 years, if untouchability was not abolished.
(ii) He called the untouchables 'Harijans' or sons of Gods.
(iii) He organized Satyagraha to get temple entry and access to
public wells, tanks, roads and schools for dalits.
(iv) He cleaned harijan colonies and in his ashram there was no
caste feelings.
(v) He asked the upper caste Hindus to give up the inhuman
practice of untouchability.
Note: Dr
B.R. Ambedkar formed Depressed Classes Association,1930 to uplift the
Dalits.-------- He demanded separate electorates for Dalits and reservation of
seats in educational institutions for them.
GANDHIJI VS AMBEDKAR (Poona Pact)-1932
ü Dr. Ambedkar demanded separate electorates for the dalits. He
thought that a share in political power would help in their upliftment.
Gandhiji opposed separate electorates. He thought that it would create
disunity. So, they clashed in the Second round table conference.
ü Poona Pact: It was signed between Gandhiji and Ambedkar in September 1932.
Gandhiji brought an end to his fast. He accepted the demand for reservation of
seats for dalits in the legislatures.
Nationalism spreads, when people begin that
they are all part of the same nation.” Justify the statement.
Explain the major factors which promote the
sense of nationalism in the Indians? (Cbse)
Cultural factors and
identities-
Which created a sense of collective belonging among the people of
India.
1.Image of bharat mata:-
ü Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay created the image of Bharat Mata.
ü Abanindranath Tagore painted her image.
ü Bharat Mata looked like a Sanyasini. She is calm, divine and
spiritual. Devotion towards her became a proof of Nationalism.
2.VANDE
MATARAM:-
ü It was a prayer to Bharat Mata written by Bankim Chadra
Chattopadhyay.
ü Vande Mataram became the war cry of the Indians.
ü It was later included in his novel Anandamath
3.Tricolour Flag------------- Swaraj
Movement in Bengal (CBSE)
At the time of
Swadeshi Movement, a tricolour flag (Red, green and Yellow) was designed
in Bengal by Mahatma Gandhiji.
It features are:-
q It had eight
Lotuses representing eight province of British India and a crescent moon
representing Hindu-Muslim community.
q It had also tricolour,
red, green and white.
q I had a
spinning wheel in the centre.
Q.What type of
flag was designed during the ‘Swadeshi Movement’ in Bengal ? Explain its main
features. (CBSE)
Ans: A
tricolour flag was designed during the Swadeshi Movement in Bengal.
· It had red, green and yellow colours.
· It had eight lotuses representing 8 provinces of British India.
· It featured a crescent moon, which represented Hindus and Muslims.
4. REVIVAL OF
FOLKLORE
ü Nationalists toured the villages to collect the folk songs and
legends.
ü Rabindranath Tagore collected a number of folk songs and legends.
ü In Madras, Natesa Sastri published a four volume collection of tamil
folk tales (The Folklore of Southern India).
ü The folk songs and legends gave a true picture of Indian culture.
They showed there all thoughts and characteristics of Indians.
ü They created National Pride among the people
THE END
Map Related
Questions & One Marks Question:-
1. Name the
place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in
December 1920.
Ans: The place
where the Indian National Congress Session was held in December
1920 is Nagpur.
2. Name the
place associated with the movement of Indigo Planters.
Ans: The place
associated with the movement of Indigo Planters is Champaran.
3.Name the
place related to the Satyagraha of peasants in Gujarat.
Ans: The place
related to the Satyagraha of peasants in Gujarat is Kheda.
4.Name the city
where cotton mill workers organised Satyagraha.
Ans: Ahmedabad
5.Name the
place related to the calling off the Non-Cooperation Movement.
Ans: Chauri
Chaura
6.The place where the session of INC was held in September 1920.
Calcutta (Kolkata) – The session of the Indian National Congress
was held in Calcutta in September 1920.
7.The place where Mahatma Gandhi broke Salt Law.
Dandi – Mahatma Gandhi broke the Salt Law at Dandi during the Salt
March in 1930.
1. Why did Gandhiji organise Satyagraha in
1917 in Kheda district of Gujarat?
(a)
To support the plantation workers
(b)
To
protest against high revenue demand
(c)
To support the mill workers to fulfil their
demand
(d)
To demand loans for the farmers.
2. Why was Satyagraha organised in
Champaran in 1916?
(a)To oppose the British laws
(b) To oppose the plantation system
(c) To oppose high land revenue
(d) To protest against the oppression of
the mill workers
3. Why was the Simon Commission sent to
India?
(a)
To look into the Indian constitutional matter and suggest reform
(b)To choose members of Indian Council
(c)To settle disputes between the
government and the Congress leaders
(d)To set up a government organization.
4. Why was Alluri Sitarama Raju well known?
(a)
He led the militant movement of tribal
peasants in Andhra Pradesh.
(b)
He
led a peasant movement in Avadh.
(c)
He led a satyagraha movement in Bardoli.
(d)
He set up an organisation for the uplifment
of the dalits.
5. What kind of movement was launched by
the tribal peasants of Gudem Hills in Andhra Pradesh?
(a)Satyagraha Movement (b)
Militant Guerrilla Movement
(c) Non-Violent Movement (d)
None of the above
6. Baba Ramchandra, a sanyasi, was the
leader of which of the following movements?
(a) Khilafat Movement
(b) Militant Guerrilla Movement of Andhra
Pradesh
(c) Peasants’ Movement of Awadh
(d) Plantation Workers’ Movement in Assam
(a)
abolition
of Salt Tax
(b)
‘Puma
Swaraj’ or complete independence
(c) boycott of
Simon Commission
(d) separate
electorate for the ‘dalits’
8. Who formed the ‘Swaraj Party’ within the
Congress?
(a)
Jawahar
Lai Nehru and Motilal Nehru
(b)
(b)
Abdul Ghaffar Khan and Mahatma Gandhi
(c)
Jawahar
Lai Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose
(d)
C.R.
Das and Motilal Nehru
9. Who founded the ‘Depressed Classes Association’ in 1930?
(a)
Alluri
Sitaram Raju (b)
C.R. Das
(c) M.R. Jayakar (d)
Dr B.R. Ambedkar
10. Why did Gandhiji organize Satyagraha in
1917 in Kheda district of Gujarat?
(a)
To support the plantation workers
(b) To protest against high revenue demand
(c) To support the mill workers to fulfill
their demand
(d) To demand loans for the farmers
11.Why was Satyagraha organized in
Champaran in 1916?
(a)
To oppose the British laws
(b)
(b) To oppose the plantation system
(c)
To oppose high land revenue
(d)
To protest against the oppression of the
mill workers
12.The Non-cooperation Khilafat Movement
began in
(a)
January 1921 (b) February 1922 (c) December 1929 (d)
April 1919
13. Who set up the ‘Oudh Kisan Sabha’?
(a)
Alluri
Sitaram Raju (b)
Jawahar Lai Nehru and Baba Ramchandra
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru and Shaukat Ali (d) Mahatma Gandhi
14. Certain events are given below.
Choose the appropriate chronological order:
i.Coming of Simon Commission to India
II. Demand of Purna Swaraj in Lahore Session of INC
III. Government of India Act 1919
IV. Champaran Satyagraha
a) i—iv—iii—ii b)
iv—iii—i—ii c) iv—i—ii-iii d)
iii—iv—ii—i
15. Arrange the following historical events in a chronological
sequence-
I.
Rowlatt
Act II. Kheda
Satyagraha
II.
Champaran
Movement IV. Ahmedabad Mill
Strike
Choose the Correct option:
a) I, II, III, IV b)
II, I, III, IV c) III, I, IV,
II d) III, II, IV, I
16. What do you mean by the term ‘Begar’
(a) An Act to
prevent plantation workers to leave the tea gardens without permission.
(b) The forced recruitment of soldiers in
rural areas during World War I.
(c) Labour that villagers were forced to
contribute without any payment.
(d) Refusal to deal and associate with
people, or participate in activities as a form of protest.
17.Where did Mahatma Gandhi start his famous ‘Salt March’ on 12th
March 1930?
(a)
Dandi
(b) Chauri-Chaura (c) Sabarmati (d) Surat
18.Which industrialist attacked colonial control over Indian
economy and supported the Civil Disobedience Movement?
(a) Dinshaw Petit (b) Purshottamdas Thakurdas
(c) Dwarkanath Tagore (d)
Seth Hukumchand
19.Who visualised and depicted the image of ‘Bharat Mata’ through a
painting?
(a) Bankim Chandra
(b) Rabindranath
Tagore
(c)
Natesa Sastri
(d)
Abanindranath Tagore
20. Civil Disobedience Movement started
with which main demand.
a)
Abolition of Dowry
b)
Abolition of Untouchability
c)
Abolition of Salt Law
d)
None of the above options
21. The growth of modern nationalism in
India, as in Vietnam, is closely connected to :
(a)
A sense of oppression under colonialism
(b) An anti-colonial movement
(c) A discovery of unity in their struggle
against colonialism
(d) All the above
22. The first three successful Satyagraha movements by Gandhiji in
India were :
(a)Against the Rowlatt Act, Civil Disobedience Movement and Quit
India
(b) Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience and Khilafat
(c) Peasants Movements in Champaran in Bihar, Kheda district in
Gujarat and in Ahmedabad by cotton mill workers
(d) Khilafat movement, Non-Cooperation and Quit India movement
23. There is enough for everybody’s need but not for anybody’s
greed”. Who said this?
(a)Jawahar Lal
Nehru (b) Atal Bihari Vajpai (c) M. K. Gandhi (d) Sunder Lal Bahuguna
24. Match the columns.
Column A
Column B
(a) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay (i) Depressed Classes Association
(b) (b) B.R Ambedkar (ii)
Famous image of Bharat Mata
(c) Sir Mohammad Iqbal (iii)
The Folklore of Southern India
(d) Abanindranath Tagore (iv)
President of the Muslim League
(e) Natesa Sastri (v)
Vande Matram
Ans:- (a) (v), (b) (i), (c) (iv), (d) (ii), (e) (iii)
25. Why did Gandhiji withdraw the
Non-Cooperation Movement?
(a)Gandhiji realised that people were
losing interest in the movement.
(b) Gandhiji felt that the movement was
turning violent in many places.
(c) Some Congress leaders wanted to
participate in elections to Provincial Councils.
(d) Some Congress leaders wanted more
radical mass agitations